Goddesses F to J

Flora: the ancient Roman Spring Goddess. "Apparently forgetting that flowers are the sex organs of plants, most mythographers express shock and puzzlement that the blooming Flora was the patron of prostitutes, worshiped in public orgies from April 28th to May 3rd. But this very ancient Roman goddess was the embodiment of the flowering of all nature, including human nature....The female body was especially honoured at the Floralia, the festival of nude women celebrated until the third century C.E., when Roman authorities grew prudish and demanded garments on the revelers. This Floralia was not frivolous partying, for Flora was the queen of all plants, including edible ones - for all flowers lead to fruit as intercourse to conception, a basic truth that the Romans recognised by calling Flora the secret patron of Rome, without whose help the city would die."

Freya: the Scandinavian Goddess of sensuality, sexuality love, magic, death, and even war. Also called “Frigg” in her Mother Earth face. Like Persephone, Freya was “absent from the earth during the autumn and winter, a departure that caused the leaves to fall and the earth to wear a mourning cloak of snow.” Her name means “mistress”, and she was very promiscuous. Freya lends her name to our day of the week, Friday. She is also the mother of Hnossa, or “jewel”.

Gaia: She is the ancient Greek Earth Mother Goddess. The first entry in the "G" section of Patricia Monaghan's The New Book of Goddesses & Heroines has a wonderful story about this Goddess: "In the beginning, the Greeks said, there was only formless chaos: light and dark, sea and land, blended into a shapeless pudding." (pudding?) "Then chaos settled into form, and that form was the huge Gaia, the deep-breasted one, the earth. She existed before time began, for Time was one of her children. In the timeless spans before creation, she existed, to herself and of herself alone.

But finally Gaia desired love, and for this purpose she made herself a son: Uranus, the heaven, who arched over his mother and satisfied her desire. Their mating released Gaia's creative force, and she began to produce innumerable creatures, both marvelous and monstrous. Uranus hated and envied Gaia's other children, so the primeval mother kept them hidden from his destructiveness.
Eventually, however, her dark and crowded womb grew too heavy to endure. So Gaia created a new element: gray adamant. And from it she fashioned a new tool, never known before in her creation: a jagged-toothed sickle. With this Gaia armed her son Cronos (Time), who took the weapon from his mother's hand and hid himself.
Soon Uranus came, drawing a dark-sky blanket over himself as he approached to mount his mother-lover. Then his brother-son Cronos sprang into action, grasping Uranus' genitals and sawing them off with the rough blade. Blood fell in a heavenly rain on Mother Gaia. So fertile was she that even the blood of the mutilated sky impregnated her. The Erinyes sprang up; so did the Giants; and so did the ash-tree nymphs, the Meliae, humanity's ancestors.
The was the familiar creation story that the ancient Greeks told their children. Even after the earth mother had been suplanted as the primary divinity by invading Olympians, the Greeks worshiped Gaia's power with barley and honey cakes placed at sacred openings in her surface. At such fissures, too, gifted people would read the will of the Great Mother, for she was through all ages the 'primeval prophet' who inspired the oracles at
Delphi, Dodona, and elsewhere. And it was to Gaia - even in the days when Zeus ruled the pantheon - that the Greeks swore their most sacred oaths, thus recognising her ancient theological sovereignty."

Gyhldeptis: Gyhldeptis isn't really a goddess, per se, but a spirit. "'Lady hanging hair' was a kindly forest spirit of the Tlingit and Haida in southeastern Alaska; they saw her in the long, hanging mossy branches of the great cedars of the rain forest. A protector of Indians and other humans, Gyhldeptis was disturbed by the activities of Kaegyihl Depgeesk ('upside-down place'), a tremendous whirlpool that devoured entire ships of travelers. To break this power, Gyhldeptis staged a huge feast and invited all the coastal powers: the ice, the forest fire, the wind, and others. Magically feeding them in her underwater Festival House, Gyhldeptis convinced the forces that human beings needed more protection from Kaegyihl Depgeesk. Thereupon, all the well-fed natural powers set to work rearranging the coast so that the whirpool was smoothed into a gentle river."

Hathor: Hathor is the cow-headed Egyptian Goddess of joy, abundance and pleasure. "One of the world's greatest goddesses, Hathor was worshiped for more than a millennium longer than the life, to date, of Christianity. For more than 3000 years her joyful religion held sway over Egypt. Small wonder, then, that a profusion of legends surrounded her, or that she was depicted in so many different guises: at once mother and daughter of the sun, both a lioness and a cow, sometimes a woman, and sometimes a tree. Goddess of the underworld, she was also ruler of the sky. Patron of foreigners, she was mother of the Etyptians. Like Ishtar to the east, she was a complex embodiment of feminine possibilities.One of Hathor's most familiar forms was the winged cow of creation who gave birth to the universe. Because she bore them, she owned the bodies of the dead....She was the special guardian spirit of all women and all female animals....

Hathor was essentially the body in which the soul resides. As such, she was patron of bodily pleasures: the pleasures of sound, in music and song; the joys of the eye, in art, cosmetics, the weaving of garlands; the delight of motion in dance and in love; and all the pleasures of touch....Her festivals were carnivals of intoxication, especially that held at Dendera on New Year's Day, when Hathor's image was brought forth from her temple to catch the rays of the newborn sun, whereupon revels broke out and throbbed through the streets. She was a most beloved goddess to her people, and they held fast to her pleasurable rites long into historical times."

Hecate: Hecate is an ancient Greek/Thracian Goddess of the Crossroads. She is usually stated as being a "Crone" Goddess. In the Wiccan tradition I am part of, she is seen as more of a "Midwife" Goddess, as she is also a Death Goddess, taking the souls from death to rebirth, which is the task of a Midwife Goddess.

In The New Book of Goddesses and Heroines, it is written that "At night, particularly at the dark of the moon, this goddess walked the roads of ancient Greece, accompanied by sacred dogs and bearing a blazing torch. Occasionally she stopped to gather offerings left by her devotees where three roads crossed, for this threefold goddess was best honored where one could look three ways at once. Sometimes it was even said that Hecate could look three ways because she had three heads: a serpent, a horse and a dog.
While Hecate walked outdoors, her worshipers gathered inside to eat Hecate suppers in her honor, gathering at which magical knowledge was shared, the secrets of sorcery whispered, and dogs, honey, and black female lambs sacrificed....When supper was over, the leftovers were placed outdoors as offerings to Hecate and her hounds....
Some scholars say that Hecate was not originally Greek, her worship having travelled south from her original Thracian homeland. Others contend that she was a form of the earth mother Demeter, yet another of whose forms was the maiden Persephone. Legends, they claim, of Persephone's abduction and later residence in Hades give clear prominence to Hecate, who therefore must represent the old wise woman, the crone, the final stage of woman's growth - the aged Demeter herself, just as Demeter is the mature Persephone.
In either case, the antiquity of Hecate's worship was recognized by the Greeks, who called her a Titan, one of those pre-Olympian divinities whom Zeus and his cohort has ousted....
As queen of the night, Hecate was sometimes said to be the moon goddess in her dark form, as Artemis was the waxing moon and Selene the full moon. But she may as readily have been the earth goddess, for she ruled the spirits of the dead, humans who had been returned to the earth. As queen of death she ruled the magical powers of regeneration; in addition, she could hold back her spectral hordes from the living if she chose. And so Greek women evoked Hecate for protection from her hosts whenever they left the house, and they erected her threefold images at their doors, as if to tell wandering spirits that therein lived friends of their queen, who must not be bothered with night noises and spooky apparitions."

Hel: or Hella, is "the goddess who gave her name to the Christian place of eternal punishment was the Scandinavian ruler of the misty world under the earth.  Her name means the 'one who covers up' or 'one who hides', and the ones Hel hid in her nine-circled realm were those who died of disease or old age.  Those who died herocially, in battle or by other violence, were carried off by the Valkyries to the heavenly halls of Freya or Odin.

Hel was the daughter of the the giant woman Angerboda and was thought to be an ugly pinto woman, half-black and half-white, who rode to earth to enfold dying in her horrible arms and to rest her drooping head against theirs.  Down in her nine-ringed realm, where inhabitants kept up a constant wail, Hel lived in a miserable palace called Sleet-Cold, where the walls were built of worms and human bones.  She ate with a knife and fork called Famine from a plate named Hunger. Her slave, Senility, served her, as did her maidservant, Dotage.  When she slept, it was on her cot, Bedridden, covered by curtains named Woefully Pale."

- exerpt from The New Book of Goddesses & Heroines by Patricia Monaghan, page 149.

From Goddess Alive! Inviting Celtic & Norse Goddesses Into Your Life by Michelle Skye, pages 158 - 162:

"Hella, Norse goddess of the Underworld, represents the inevitability of life and death.  She is part of the unconscious patterns of humanity that cause our hearts to pump, our breath to flow, and our eyese to blink.  Her power lies dormant until that period of time when the breath no longer flows and the heart to longer pumps.  Hella resides in that instant of clarity, between life and death, when the neurons of the brain retain an instant of transparent wisdom and gain a glimpse of the immortal, before the body completely shuts down.  She is our guide into the Otherworld and into the next realm of our existence.

Hella is the daughter of Loki, the Norse god of mischief and chaos, the problem solver and problem causer of all the gods.  Loki is, in actuality, a giant who was made into a god by his blood oath with the All-Father of the Norse gods, Odin.  The giants are depicted as strong, elemental beings in Norse mythology.  They are necessary for the creaion of the world, yet they also seek to destroy it as well.  They are the forces of nature, wild and unpredictable.  They are chaotic catalysts for change.  The giants serve as a balancing power to the Norse gods, who oftentime wish to maintain the status quo....

...Goddess of Death, Queen of the Underworld, Hella is a constant force in our lives.  She is life-changing and never-ending.  She is the leaves that fall from the trees, the squirrel that crunches under our tires, the bug that dries up on our windowsill, the grandmother who goes to sleep and never wakes up.  Ugly and beautiful, half-white and half-black, giantess and goddess, Hella opens her arms to us at the most crucial time in our lives.  She is the force behind the life alterations that shift our worldview.  Herald of change, harbinger of death, protector of the old and sick and innocent, Hella allows us to move forward in our lives, leaving old, outworn ideas and customs behind.  She is the impetus and the reason for transformation."


Hera: There is much written about Hera, as She is a well-known Goddess. Some great tidbits from my usual source (The New Book of Goddesses & Heroines): "Many generations before Zeus was known in Greece, the people there worshiped as their chief divinity the cow-eyed sky queen whom we call Hera, although that title means only 'Our Lady' and may not have been the goddess' actual name.

Magnificent in form and feature, ruler of the earth and its dwellers, Hera was particularly the goddess of women and their sexuality. Like the women who worshiped her, she was the daughter of flesh and time, Rhea and Cronos. Also like the human women, she passed through three life stages: youth, prime and age.
"First she was the maiden Hebe or Parthenia, called virginal not because she avoided intercourse but because, having no children, she was free of responsibility. In this stage, she was also called Antheia ('flowering one'), symbol of both the flower of human youth and the budding earth. Second she was revealed as the mature woman, Nymphenomene ('seeking a mate') or Telia ('perfect one'); she was then the earth in summer, the mother in the prime of life. Third, she grew into Theira ('crone'), the woman who has passed through and beyond maternity and lives again to herself.
"In honor of the three phases of Hera, the ancient residents of
Greece celebrated the Heraea, a competitive festival that dates to earlier times than the Olympics....Another part of her religion was Hera's annual revival. Her worshipers bathed her image, renewing her youth and preparing her again for the seasonal cycle of maturation and death. Carrying the goddess' statue to the water to cleanse the winter away from her marked how they, too, like the earth, would forever be reborn." (part II to follow)

Hnossa: the “youthful goddess of infatuation in Scandinavia, she was the daughter of the goddess of sensuality, Freya. Her name means ‘jewel’, and was used of precious stones by her worshipers.”

Isis: Possibly the most infamous Goddess of Egypt. "Isis of the winged arms, first daughter of Nut, the overarching sky, and the little earth god Geb, was born in the Nile swamps on the first day between the first years of creation. From the beginning, Isis turned a kind eye on the people of earth, teaching women to grind corn, spin flax, weave cloth, and tame men sufficiently to live with them (!). The goddess herself lived with her brother, Osiris, god of Nile waters and the vegetation that springs up when the river floods....When she was born in Egypt, the goddess' name was Au Set, which means 'exceeding queen' or simply 'spirit'. But the colonizing Greeks altered the pronunciation to yield the now-familiar Isis, a name used through the generations as the goddess' worship spread from the delta of the Nile to the banks of the Rhine....She became the Lady of Ten Thousand Names whose true name was Isis. She grew into Isis Panthea ('Isis the All Goddess'). She was the moon and mother of the sun; she was mourning wife and tender sister; she was the culture-bringer and health-giver. She was a form of Hathor, she was also also Meri, goddess of the sea, and Sochit, the cornfield."

Jenny GreenTeeth: Jenny is a water spirit "whose sole delight is the drowning and devouring of children." Jenny is said to inhabit a river in Yorkshire, England and is said to be a "green hag with long flowing hair and sharp teeth."


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